The varicella vaccine protects against chickenpox (varicella), a common and very contagious childhood viral illness.
Immunization Schedule
The varicella vaccine is given by injection between the ages of 12 and 15 months, followed by a booster shot at 4 to 6 years of age for further protection. Older kids under the age of 12 years who have not had chickenpox may also receive the vaccine, with the two doses given at least 3 months apart. Kids 13 years or older who have not had either chickenpox or the vaccine would need two vaccine doses at least 1 month apart.
Why the Vaccine Is Recommended
The varicella vaccine prevents severe illness in 95% of children who are immunized. It's up to 85% effective in preventing mild illness. Vaccinated kids who do get chickenpox generally have a mild case.
Possible Risks
Serious reactions are extremely rare. Possible mild effects are tenderness and redness where the shot was given, fever, fatigue, and a varicella-like illness. A rash can occur where the shot was given or elsewhere on the body up to 1 month after the injection. It may last for several days but will disappear on its own without treatment.
When to Delay or Avoid Immunization
- if your child is currently sick, although simple colds or other minor illnesses should not prevent immunization
- if your child has an allergy to gelatin or to the antibiotic neomycin that has required medical treatment
- if your child has recently received gamma globulin or a blood transfusion
- if your child has immune system problems related to cancer; is taking prednisone, steroids, or other immunosuppressive drugs; or is undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy
Caring for Your Child After Immunization
Pain and fever may be treated with acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Check with your doctor about the appropriate dose.
When to Call the Doctor
- if you aren't sure if the vaccine should be postponed or avoided
- if there are problems after the immunization